Excel formula - Relative and Absolute references

In Excel there are two references used in the formula to refer the
input value for calculations

At times we have to use the relative and absolute references to meet
our requirement of copy and paste formula with all records in the
table / database

Press the F4 key as you are entering a formula to toggle a reference
through the four possible reference types.

Press the F4 key again. Excel changes the reference from an absolute
reference to a mixed reference, with the row portion of the reference
locked

Press the F4 key again. Excel changes the reference to a mixed reference,
with the column portion of the reference locked