Copy and paste the formula in a excel sheet tips - Relative and Absolute references

Question : How do we enter a formula in a sheet can be copy - pasted to other cells.  I am not getting the desired result in one shot and I need to change the formula after the paste activity.  Need a short cut to do it in one shot;

Answer : In excel we can use to types of reference i.e. absolute reference and relative reference.

Absolute Reference - will not change the focus while doing the copy and paste activity.  To do this use the '$' symbol in the formula.  The shortcut key is 'F4' key in the keyboard.  Press number of time to Toggle from freeze and non freeze the reference.

Relative Reference - This is the default option and when you copy and paste excel will automatically changes the references with respect to the movement of destination cell.

Example :

	E	F	G	H
	Amount	Running Sum	Discount	0.1
5	1446.94	=E5	=E5*$H$4
6	2135.89	=E6+F5	=E6*$H$4
7	1258.26	=E7+F6	=E7*$H$4
8	2137.48	=E8+F7	=E8*$H$4
9	2137.48	=E9+F8	=E9*$H$4
10	2137.48	=E10+F9	=E10*$H$4
11	2137.47	=E11+F10
12	1259.19	=E12+F11
13	1259.19	=E13+F12
14	1259.19	=E14+F13
15	1259.19	=E15+F14
16	1573.99	=E16+F15

 
The formula in the F column is in relative reference formula.
The formula in the G column is in absolute reference formula.